Aortic Aneurysms

About

What is it?

An aortic aneurysm is an abnormal bulge or enlargement that forms in the wall of the aorta, the main artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from your heart to the rest of your body.

These aneurysms can develop anywhere along the aorta, including the sections in your chest (thoracic) or abdomen (abdominal). Aortic aneurysms represent a serious health risk because they can rupture, leading to severe internal bleeding, which is often fatal if not treated immediately.

flow of red blood cells into the blood vessel, 3D illustration
Front view of row of empty hospital beds in hospital

Symptoms

Aortic aneurysms often grow slowly and without symptoms, making them difficult to detect. However, as an aneurysm enlarges, some people may experience:

  • Pain: A deep, persistent pain in the abdomen, chest, or back.
  • Pulsating Sensation: A noticeable pulse or throbbing feeling in the abdomen, similar to a heartbeat.
  • Breathing Difficulties: Shortness of breath or difficulty swallowing may occur.
  • Voice Changes: A hoarse voice or a change in vocal quality.
  • Dizziness or Fainting: These symptoms can happen if the aneurysm affects blood flow to vital organs or is close to rupturing.

Causes

While the precise cause is not always known, several factors can weaken the aortic wall and contribute to the formation of an aneurysm:

  • Atherosclerosis: The hardening and narrowing of arteries due to a build-up of fatty deposits, known as plaque.
  • High Blood Pressure (Hypertension): Increased pressure on the artery walls can cause them to weaken and bulge over time.
  • Genetic Factors: A family history of aortic aneurysms or inherited connective tissue disorders, such as Marfan syndrome or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, increases the risk.
  • Smoking: The use of tobacco products is a significant risk factor that can damage the aortic wall and accelerate aneurysm growth.
  • Age: The risk of developing an aortic aneurysm increases significantly with age, particularly for those over 65.

Treatments

Treatment options include:

    • Endovascular Stent Grafts: Minimally invasive placement of reinforcing mesh tubes within the weakened artery
    • Open Surgical Repair: Traditional surgery to replace or reinforce the weakened section with a synthetic graft
    • Regular Monitoring: For small, stable aneurysms that don’t yet require intervention

Peripheral Arterial Disease

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) occurs when narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to your limbs, typically the legs. Dr Shaik offers:

  • Endovascular Procedures: Minimally invasive techniques including:
    • Balloon angioplasty
    • Stent placement
    • Atherectomy (plaque removal)
  • Open Bypass Surgery: Creating alternative routes for blood flow using either synthetic grafts or your own veins when endovascular approaches aren’t suitable
FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

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Frequently asked questions

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